International Journal of Engineering Works

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In Press

Performance Evaluation of Micro Hydro Power Plant using Cross Flow Turbines in Northern Pakistan

Published online https://doi.org/

Analysis of Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Concrete Based on Ansys Composite Model

Vol. 8, Issue 01, PP. 37-40, January 2021

Published online https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.21.8013740

ePub

Abstract

In order to study different carbon fiber contents and it’s influences on mechanical properties of concrete, ANSYS materials composites were synthesized to carry out numerical simulation. Here are the results of numerical analysis: The addition of carbon fiber composite can greatly improve the compressive strength of concrete. Among them, the mechanical properties of concrete with 1% carbon fiber content and 2% carbon fiber content are basically the same, but there is no clear improvement in flexural performance. Therefore, the enhancement of mechanical properties of concrete by fiber is closely related to its content. The study of the change between them can effectively reduce the loss of fiber, but also conducive to the promotion of fiber reinforced concrete.

Author

Zhao Xiaolong: College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650000, Kunming China. Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Efficient Urban and Rural Water Safety and Water Saving and Emission Reduction, 650000, Kunming China.

Ismail Shah: Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Efficient Urban and Rural Water Safety and Water Saving and Emission Reduction, 650000, Kunming China. School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650000, Kunming China.

Zhai Pingyu: College of Foreign Languages, University of Jinan, 250022, Jinan China.

Fan Xiaoya: College of Water Resources, Yunnan Agricultural University, 6500000, Kunming China. College of Foreign Languages, University of Jinan, 250022, Jinan China.

Wang Jing: Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Efficient Urban and Rural Water Safety and Water Saving and Emission Reduction, 650000, Kunming China. College of Water Resources, Yunnan Agricultural University, 6500000, Kunming China.

Cite

Zhao Xiaolong, Ismail Shah, Zhai Pingyu, Fan Xiaoya, Wang Jing “Analysis of Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Concrete Based on Ansys, International Journal of Engineering Works, Vol. 8, Issue 01, PP. 37-40, January 2021, https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.21.8013740., , ,

References

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Xu, J.-J., et al., Recycled aggregate concrete in FRP-confined columns: a review of experimental results. Composite Structures, 2017. 174: p. 277-291.
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Rashad, A.M., The effect of polypropylene, polyvinyl-alcohol, carbon and glass fibres on geopolymers properties. Materials Science and Technology, 2019. 35(2): p. 127-146.
Liu, H., et al., Basic mechanical properties of basalt fiber reinforced recycled aggregate concrete. The Open Civil Engineering Journal, 2017. 11(1).
Gao Jinbao.Experimental research and application of carbon fiber permeable concrete[J].Journal of Jiamusi University (Natural Science Edition),2019,37(06):871-873+877
Zhang Yuwu. Research on static and dynamic mechanical properties of UHMWPE fiber concrete[D]. National University of Defense Technology, 2014.
Zhang Guangtai,Zhang Mei,Zhang Luyang,Cao Yinlong,Chen Yong.Prediction of shear capacity of fiber reinforced concrete beams based on Bayesian probability model[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2020,39(03):770-778.
张明飞,王立娜,徐永浩,饶碧玉,熊凯,郭延辉.二次纤维水泥土力学特性研究[J/OL].河北工业科技:1-8[2020-06-03].
王建超，陆佳韦,周静海,梅长周.碳纤维再生混凝土力学性能的试验研究[J].混凝土,2018(12):95-99+103.
李京军牛建刚,张缜.塑钢纤维含量对轻骨料混凝土力学性能的影响[J].四川建筑,2015,35(01):231-233.
张胜利.钢纤维混凝土纤维分布与力学性能关系试验研究及数值仿真[D].太原理工大学,2018.
张其勇,李茂国,张树荣.碳纤维透水混凝土制备与性能研究[J].砖瓦,2020(05):102-103.

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Current Issue - 2021

Analysis of Health of Transformer using Different Loading Conditions

Vol. 8, Issue 01, PP. 31-36, January 2021

Published online https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.21.8013136

ePub PDF

Abstract

Transformer is one of the most crucial and expensive part of the power system. Any failure in its components may cause major loss to the economy of a country. The healthy operation of the transformer actually ensures the reliable and secure operation of the power system. Keeping in mind the importance of the transformer, this study mainly focuses on the online health monitoring of the transformer in order to detect the fault in its initial stages. This study provides cost effective, real time online monitoring system for the health of the transformer. Real-time data of the transformer is recorded through phasor measurement unit (PMU). Signal to noise ratio (SNR) of voltage and current of the transformer has been calculated. The width of signal to noise ratio is employed as an indicator for the occurrence of fault in the transformer. When transformer operates in its normal conditions the width of SNR band is small, when fault occurs in the transformer the width of SNR band starts to increase. As fault in the transformer continues to increase the width of SNR also increases. Thus this technique can help the transformer operators to take significant steps in order to mitigate the fault before major accidents.

Author

Shazmina Jamil: U.S Pakistan Centre for Advanced Studies in Energy, University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar

Aehtsham-Ul-Haq: U.S Pakistan Centre for Advanced Studies in Energy, University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar

Cite

Shazmina Jamil , Aehtsham-Ul-Haq “Analysis of Health of Transformer Using Different Loading Conditions”, International Journal of Engineering Works, Vol. 8, Issue 01, PP. 31-36, January 2021, https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.21.8013136.

References

[1] Masoum, A.S., Hashemnia, N., Abu-Siada, A., Masoum, M.A. and Islam, S.M., 2017. Online transformer internal fault detection based on instantaneous voltage and current measurements considering impact of harmonics. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 32(2), pp.587-598.

[2] Thangavelan, M., Prabavathi, K. and Ramesh, L., 2013. Review on Power Transformer Internal Fault Diagnosis. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 14, pp.372-377.

[3] Henault, P., 2011, May. Detection of internal arcing faults in distribution transformers. In Transmission and Distribution Construction, Operation and Live-Line Maintenance (ESMO), 2011 IEEE PES 12th International Conference on (pp. 1-7). IEEE.

[4] Prasetiyono Hari Mukti , Feby Agung Pamuji, Buyung Sofiarto Munir., 2014. Implementation of Artificial Neural Networks for Determining Power Transfomer Condition.In ADCONP ,pp.473-477

[5] Z. Moravej *, S. Bagheri., 2015. Condition Monitoring Techniques of Power Transformers: A Review. Journal of Operation and Automation in Power Engineering, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp 71-82

[6] Drasko Furundzic, Zeljko Djurovic, Vladimir Celebic, and Iva Salom., 2012. Neural Network Ensemble for Power Transformers Fault Detection.IEEE NEURAL 11th symposium on neural network application in electrical engineering,NEURAL-2012, pp 247-251

Effects of Dispersed Generation on Voltage Profile and Power Losses

Vol. 8, Issue 01, PP. 18-30, January 2021

Published online https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.21.8011830

ePub PDF

Abstract

With the rapid increase in need of electricity, electric power system is becoming complex day by day. Different types of generating units and loads are connected with one another to form a huge generating, transmitting and distributing network. Pakistan is being confronted with acute shortage of electric power and measures need to be taken on short terms to tackle these problems. In Distributed generation, DG can be utilized efficiently in such cases due to the reason that DG can be on site generation with less time of installation and generating electricity. However, integrating a DG unit with a distribution system causes some disparities if some issues like proper sizing, capacity and location are not taken into consideration. Theses disparities can be related to voltage profile, stability, power losses, harmonics etc. which can cause damage to different electrical devices and units. Particularly, this research work covers the adverse effects on voltage profile when a DG unit is being integrated with the distribution system without taking its size, capacity and location into consideration together with the methods for alleviating these effects. A 132 kv residential feeder has been taken as a test case. Which is further modeled in Electrical Transient Analyzer Program ETAP. Various tests are taken into consideration to analyze the effects of DG on distribution system. Different cases are being analyzed taking system with and without DG unit installed at different busbars. It has been observed that significant improvement in voltage profile occurred when DG is inserted in system with proper consideration of size location and capacity.This research work can help expanding power system in future and tackling different issues related to voltage profile in distribution sector worldwide and particularly in Pakistan.

Author

Muhammad Salman:Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar

Amjadullah Khattak: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar

Mushtaq Ahmad Khan Khattak: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar

Waqar Hussain: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar

Cite

Muhammad Salman, Amjadullah Khattak, Mushtaq Ahmad khan khattak, Waqar Hussain “Effects of Dispersed Generation on Voltage Profile and Power Losses”, International Journal of Engineering Works, Vol. 8, Issue 01, PP. 18-30, January 2021, https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.21.8011830., ,

References

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[12] C. S. Ioakimidis, K. N. Genikomsakis, A. Aragonés, A. Escuredo and F. Sanchez, “Design of a Virtual Power Plant in the presence of microrenewables and electric vehicles in a microgrid concept for realtime simulation as part of a Remote Lab”, Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal (RE&PQJ), No.11, 2013.

[13] a. Nikonowicz, J. Milewski, “Virtual Power Plants – general review: structure, application and optimization”, Journal of Power Technologies 92 (3) (2012), p. 135–149.

Virtual Inertia Emulation in a Hybrid Micro Grid Based on Diesel Generator and Wind Power Plant

Vol. 8, Issue 01, PP. 14-17, January 2021

Published online https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.21.8011417

ePub PDF

Abstract

Micro-grids with high renewable penetration have low inertia and it leads to frequency stability problems. Virtual inertia emulation provides active power to system during transient time to improve dynamics frequency stability. In this study, derivative technique is used to calculate the derivative of frequency for virtual inertia emulation. Simulations results confirm that frequency dip occurs in case of contingency and virtual inertia control reduces this frequency deviation. It helps to improve overall frequency stability and prevents unnecessary load shedding.

Author

Aehtsham Ul Haq: Department of Electrical Energy System Engineering, US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (US-PCASE), UET Peshawar

Iatizaz Ahsan: Department of Electrical Energy System Engineering, US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (US-PCASE), UET Peshawar

Shazmina Jamil: Department of Electrical Energy System Engineering, US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (US-PCASE), UET Peshawar

Cite

Aehtsham Ul Haq, Iatizaz Ahsan, Shazmina Jamil “Virtual Inertia Emulation in a Hybrid Micro Grid Based on Diesel Generator and W, International Journal of Engineering Works, Vol. 8, Issue 01, PP. 14-17, January 2021, https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.21.801417, ,

References

[1] Kerdphol, T., et al., Robust Virtual Inertia Control of a Low Inertia Microgrid Considering Frequency Measurement Effects. IEEE Access, 2019. 7: p. 57550-57560.

[2] Marzband, M., et al., Distributed generation for economic benefit maximization through coalition formation–based game theory concept. International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems, 2017. 27(6): p. e2313.

[3] Impram, S., S.V. Nese, and B. Oral, Challenges of renewable energy penetration on power system flexibility: A survey. Energy Strategy Reviews, 2020. 31: p. 100539.

[4] Machowski, J., et al., Power system dynamics: stability and control. 2020: John Wiley & Sons.

[5] Tamrakar, U., et al., Virtual inertia: Current trends and future directions. Applied Sciences, 2017. 7(7): p. 654.

[6] Bryant, M.J., et al., Frequency Control Challenges in Power Systems with High Renewable Power Generation: An Australian Perspective.

[7] Obaid, Z.A., et al., Frequency control of future power systems: reviewing and evaluating challenges and new control methods. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, 2019. 7(1): p. 9-25.

[8] Im, W.-S., et al., Distributed virtual inertia based control of multiple photovoltaic systems in autonomous microgrid. IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica, 2016. 4(3): p. 512-519.

[9] Kerdphol, T., et al., Enhanced Virtual Inertia Control Based on Derivative Technique to Emulate Simultaneous Inertia and Damping Properties for Microgrid Frequency Regulation. IEEE Access, 2019. 7: p. 14422-14433.

[10] Ingalalli, A., et al. Modeling Hydro Power System Frequency Dynamics for Virtual Inertia Emulation. in 2019 IEEE 28th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE). 2019. IEEE.

[11] Zheng, Y., Virtual Inertia Emulation in islanded microgrids with energy storage system. 2016.

[12] Bevrani, H. and J. Raisch, On virtual inertia application in power grid frequency control. Energy Procedia, 2017. 141: p. 681-688.

[13] Poolla, B.K., S. Bolognani, and F. Dörfler, Optimal placement of virtual inertia in power grids. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2017. 62(12): p. 6209-6220

Online Monitoring of Distributed Generation Systems

Vol. 8, Issue 01, PP. 08-13, January 2021

Published online https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.21.8010813

ePub PDF

Abstract

As renewable energy is intermittent in nature, its integration in to the power grid is challenging task. Hence remote monitoring and data acquisition of various performance parameters from the renewable energy systems has become of paramount importance. Round the clock monitoring of the system ensures the stable and reliable operation of the system, by proper management, in this way an individual at a remote location can know whether the system is producing sufficient energy or not which is essential for its stable operation. This feature can be ensured by the use of real-time performance monitoring. If it is observed the sources is not working properly then an immediate remedy can be done to it before it sets in a chain of events and make things worse. The proposed monitoring system formulates unified data acquisition standard for distributed RES and real-time monitoring of RES such as solar PV. The system is an IoT server based using an Arduino to send the real-time power production to the cloud for remote access by the operator or the owner.

Author

Asfandyar Khalid: Department of Electrical Energy System Engineering, US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), UET Peshawar, Pakistan

Amir Khan: Department of Electrical Energy System Engineering, US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), UET Peshawar, Pakistan

Jawad Ul Islam: Department of Electrical Energy System Engineering, US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), UET Peshawar, Pakistan

Junaid Ur Rehman: Department of Electrical Energy System Engineering, US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), UET Peshawar, Pakistan

Haseen Ullah: Department of Electrical Energy System Engineering, US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), UET Peshawar, Pakistan

Cite

Asfandyar Khalid, Amir Khan, Jawad Ul Islam, Junaid Ur Rehman, Haseen Ullah “Online Monitoring of Distributed Generation Systems”, International Journal of Engineering Works, Vol. 8, Issue 01, PP. 08-13, January 2021, https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.21.8010813

References

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Comparative Analysis of MPPT Techniques for SEPIC Based PV System

Vol. 8, Issue 01, PP. 01-07, January 2021

Published online https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.21.8010107

ePub PDF

Abstract

In this paper comparative analysis of maximum power point tracking techniques has been conducted to achieve highest magnitude of power from photovoltaic array. The algorithms proposed in this paper for extracting peak output from photovoltaic array are Perturb and Observe, Incremental Conductance, and Fuzzy Logic Control. There are some limitations with conventional converters i.e. Buck-Boost converter. When the operating voltage exceeds normal voltage as the voltage becomes high, the conventional converters fail to carry high voltage and current. Apart from this the ripple contents also increase abnormally due to the large impedance in the conventional converter. Similarly these converters cannot track maximum power point faster and effectively. In that case Single Ended Primary Inductor Converter (SEPIC) is the best choice instead of the conventional buck-boost converter, which is employed with the aim of extracting maximum output from the photovoltaic array. The aim of this study is to compare three MPPT techniques under varying environmental conditions with respect to maximum power extraction and speed of tracking time. SEPIC is used instead of conventional buck-boost converter in order to achieve maximum efficiency and less ripples. Also it can track maximum power point (MPP) faster than Buck-Boost Converter. Comparative analysis of three most extensively used MPPT techniques have been conducted in Simulink/Matlab.

Author

Amir Khan: Department of Electrical Energy System Engineering, US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), UET Peshawar, Pakistan

Muhammad Durri Aqil: School of Electrical and Control Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xian, China

Naveed Malik: Department of Electrical Energy System Engineering, US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), UET Peshawar, Pakistan

Farhan Ullah: Department of Electrical Energy System Engineering, US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), UET Peshawar, Pakistan

Asfandyar Khalid: Department of Electrical Energy System Engineering, US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), UET Peshawar, Pakistan

Cite

Amir Khan, Muhammad Durri Aqil, Naveed Malik, Farhan Ullah, Asfandyar Khalid “Comparative Analysis of MPPT Techniques for SEPIC Based PV System”, International Journal of Engineering Works, Vol. 8, Issue 01, PP. 01-07, January 2021, https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.21.8010107., , , ,

References

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[2] “MITEI-The-Future-of-Solar-Energy.pdf.” .

[3] “18-DESIGN OF A SEPIC CONVERTER FOR SOLAR PV SYSTEM.pdf.” .

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[8] “Comparative study of maximum power point tracking techniques for hybrid renewable energy system.pdf.” .

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[10] “Power tracking techniques for efficient operation of photovoltaic array in solar applications – A review-2019.pdf.”