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Volume 2016

Multiple Fault Detection and Isolation in Target Tracking Using Liner Prediction Techniques

Vol. 3, Issue 11, PP. 83-86, November 2016

Published online Multiple Fault Detection and Isolation in Target Tracking Using Liner Prediction Techniques

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Automation of Property Tax Collection using Information and Communication Technology: the Case of Local Government Authorities in Tanzania

Vol. 3, Issue 8, PP. 61-67, August 2016

Published online Automation of Property Tax Collection using Information and Communication Technology: the Case of Local Government Authorities in Tanzania

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Compromising Health by Excessive Use of Smart Phones

Vol. 3, Issue 10, PP. 78-82, October 2016

Published online Compromising Health by Excessive Use of Smart Phones

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Design and SAR Analysis of a Space Efficient Multiband Handset Antenna for Cellular Applications

Vol. 3, Issue 12, PP. 87-91, December 2016

Published online Design and SAR Analysis of a Space Efficient Multiband Handset Antenna for Cellular Applications

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Increasing the Output Power and Efficiency of Solar Panel by Using Concentrator Photovoltaics (CPV)

Vol. 3, Issue 12, PP. 98-102, December 2016

Published online Increasing the Output Power and Efficiency of Solar Panel by Using Concentrator Photovoltaics (CPV)

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On the Centralization of Reliability in Maintenance Practices in the Nigeria Power System Network: A Review

Vol. 3, Issue 9, PP. 68-72, September 2016

Published online On the Centralization of Reliability in Maintenance Practices in the Nigeria Power System Network: A Review

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On the Hausdorff Distance Between the Shifted Heaviside Function and Some Generic Growth Functions

Vol. 3, Issue 10, PP. 73-77, October 2016

Published online On the Hausdorff Distance Between the Shifted Heaviside Function and Some Generic Growth Functions

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Abstract

In this paper we study the one–sided Hausdorff distance between the shifted Heaviside function and some generic growth function such as Turner–Bradley–Kirk–Pruitt function. Numerical examples are presented using CAS MATHEMATICA

Author

Nikolay Kyurkchiev, nkyurk@math.bas.bg, Institute of Mathematics and Informatics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 8, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
Anton Iliev, aii@uni-plovdiv.bg, Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Paisii Hilendarski University of Plovdiv, 24 Tsar Assen Str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria

Cite

Nikolay Kyurkchiev and Anton Iliev,

References

Shoffner, S. Schnell, Estimation of the lag time in a subsequent monomer addition model for fibril elongation, bioRxiv The preprint server for biology (2015), 1–8, doi:10.1101/034900
P. Arosio, T. P. J. Knowles, S. Linse, On the lag phase in amyloid fibril formation, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17 (2015) 7606–7618, doi:10.1039/C4CP05563B
N. Kyurkchiev, A note on the new geometric representation for the parameters in the fibril elongation process, Compt. rend. Acad. bulg. Sci. 69 (8) (2016) 963–972.
S. Markov, Building reaction kinetic models for amyloid fibril growth, BIOMATH 5 2016, doi:10.11145/j.biomath.2016.07.311
N. Kyurkchiev, S. Markov, Approximation of the cut function by some generic logistic functions and applications, Advances in Applied Sciences (2016) (accepted).
J. A. Nelder, The fitting of a generalization of the logistic curve, Biometrics 17 (1961) 89–110.
M. Turner, B. Blumenstein, J. Sebaugh, A Generalization of the Logistic Law of Growth, Biometrics 25 (3) (1969) 577–580.
F. Hausdorff, Set Theory (2 ed.) (Chelsea Publ., New York, (1962 [1957]) (Republished by AMS-Chelsea 2005), ISBN: 978–0–821– 83835–8.
B. Sendov, Hausdorff Approximations (Kluwer, Boston, 1990), doi:10.1007/978-94-009-0673-0
R. Anguelov, S. Markov, Hausdorff Continuous Interval Functions and Approximations, In: M. Nehmeier et al. (Eds), Scientific Computing, Computer Arithmetic, and Validated Numerics, 16th International Symposium, SCAN 2014, LNCS 9553 (2016) 3–13, Springer, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-31769-4
M. Turner, E. Bradley, K. Kirk, K. Pruitt, A theory of growth, Math. Biosci. 29 (1976) 367–373.
P. F. Verhulst, Notice sur la loi que la population poursuit dans son accroissement, Correspondance mathematique et physique 10 (1838) 113–121.
A. Tsoularis, Analysis of logistic growth models, Les. Lett. Inf. Math. Sci. 2 (2001) 23–46.
N. Kyurkchiev, S. Markov, On the Hausdorff distance between theHeaviside step function and Verhulst logistic function, J. Math. Chem.54(1) (2016) 109–119, doi:10.1007/S10910-015-0552-0
N. Kyurkchiev, S. Markov, Sigmoidal functions: some computational and modelling aspects, Biomath Communications 1 (2) (2014) 30–48; doi:10.11145/j.bmc.2015.03.081.
A. Iliev, N. Kyurkchiev, S. Markov, On the approximation of the cut and step functions by logistic and Gompertz functions, Biomath 4 (2) (2015) 2–13.
N. Kyurkchiev, S. Markov, On the approximation of the generalized cut.
A. Iliev, N. Kyurkchiev, S. Markov, On the Approximation of the step function by some sigmoid functions, Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (2015), doi:10.1016/j.matcom.2015.11.005
N. Kyurkchiev, A. Iliev, On some growth curve modeling: approximation theory and applications, Int. J. of Trends in Research and Development, 3(3) (2016) 466–471.
N. Kyurkchiev, S. Markov, Sigmoid functions: Some Approximation and Modelling Aspects, LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, Saarbrucken (2015), ISBN: 978-3-659-76045-7.
N. Kyurkchiev, A. Iliev, A note on some growth curves arising from Box-Cox transformation, Int. J. of Engineering Works 3(6) (2016) 47– 51.
N. Kyurkchiev, S. Markov, A. Iliev, A note on the Schnute growth model, Int. J. of Engineering Research and Development 12(6) (2016) 47–54.
A. Iliev, N. Kyurkchiev, S. Markov, On the Hausdorff distance between the shifted Heaviside step function and the transmuted Stannard growth function, BIOMATH (2016) (accepted).
N. Kyurkchiev, On the Approximation of the step function by some cumulative distribution functions, Compt. rend. Acad. bulg. Sci. 68(12) (2015) 1475–1482
V. Kyurkchiev, N. Kyurkchiev, On the Approximation of the Step function by Raised-Cosine and Laplace Cumulative Distribution Functions, European International Journal of Science and Technology 4(9) (2016) 75–84.
A. Iliev, N. Kyurkchiev, S. Markov, Approximation of the Cut Function by Stannard and Richard Sigmoid Functions, International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics 109(1) (2016) 119–128.
A. Blumberg, Logistic Growth Rate Functions, Journal of Theoretical Biology 21 (1968) 42–44.
B. Gompertz, On the nature of the function expressive of the law of human mortality, Philosophical Transactions 27 (1825) 513–519.
R. Pearl, The growth of populations, Quarterly Review of Biology 2 (1927) 532–548.

The Role of Industrial Robots in the Development of Automotive Industry in China

Vol. 3, Issue 12, PP.92-97, December 2016

Published online The Role of Industrial Robots in the Development of Automotive Industry in China

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Abstract

The world’s largest user of industrial robots in production processes is automotive industry, because global competition in the market requires continuous automation and modernization of production processes in the automotive industry. The use of robots in the world is continuously increasing year by year, so it is expected that about 414.000 robot units will be used in 2019. China is the first country in the world in the application of industrial robots, and is increasing the use every year, so that we can say that the annual trend in the application of robots in China is exponential by function. The leading countries in the application of industrial robots, in addition to China, are: Republic of Korea, Japan, North America (USA) and Germany. The tendency of application of industrial robots in the automotive industry in the world is growing on annual and total level. High application of industrial robots in China has resulted in the development of the automotive industry. The estimate is that in the future China will become the largest user of industrial robots, meaning that China is planning to implement the modernization and automation of production processes in the automotive industry, but also in other industries including electronics industry, metal industry and plastics and rubber industry. The development of new technologies and innovations is leading to the development of robotic technology which has been increasingly used in the automation of production processes. This will, in return, lead to the development and application of "smart automation" or "smart factories" in the future that will, besides vehicles, also produce other high quality products in short time period and with large varieties.

Author

Cite

Isak Karabegovic, ,

References

[1] Karabegović I.;Husak E.;2016. China as a leading country in the world in automation of automotive industry manufacturing processes, IV International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2016, “MVM-2016”
, 06-08. October 2016.Kragujevac,(in Serbia)
[2] Karabegović I.; Husak E.;2014.Significance of industrial robots in development of automobile industry in Europe and the World, Journal Mobility and Vehicle, Vol.40., No.1., 2014., University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering, Kragujevac, Serbia, ISSN 1450-5304, pp.7-16.
[3] Doleček V., Karabegović I.;2008.Roboti u industriji”, Tehnički fakultet Bihać, Bihać, (in Bosnia)
[4] Doleček V.; Karabegović I.;2002. Robotika, Tehnički fakultet Bihać, Bihać,(in Bosnia)
[5] Verband Deutscher Verkehrsunternehmen-VDA: „AutoJahresbericht 2010“, 2010.,Koln, Deutschland,
[6] Verband Deutscher Verkehrsunternehmen -VDA: „AutoJahresbericht 2012“, 2012., Koln, Deutschland,
[7] Verband Deutscher Verkehrsunternehmen VDV: “AutoJahresbericht 2014”, 2014., Koln, Deutschland,
[8] Verband Deutscher Verkehrsunternehmen VDV:”Jahresbericht 201472015, Koln, Deutschland,
[9] World Robotics 2015, United Nations, New York and Geneva, 2015.
[10] World Robotics 2012, United Nations, New York and Geneva, 2012.
[11] World Robotics 2009, United Nations, New York and Geneva, 2009.
[12] Bakšys B.; Fedaravičius A.; 2004. Robotu Technika, Kaunas Technologija, Kaunas, (in Lithuania)
[13] Rogić M.; 2001.Industrijski roboti, Mašinski fakultet Banjaluka, Banjaluka, (in Bosnia)
[14] Karabegović I.;Doleček V.; 2016, The tendency of application of industrial robots in the automotive, electrical engineering and metal industries worldwide, 3rd International Scientific Conference “COMETa 2016”,07-09. December 2016.University of East Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
[15] Karabegović I.; Karabegović E.; Husak E.,2011. Application analyses of industrial robot in World automobile industry in 2010, Journal of international scientific publications:Material,Methods & Technologies, Vol.5, No.2,.Sofia,Bulgaria, ISSN 1313-2539, : pp 336-345.
[16] Freund E.; Stern O.;1999. Robotertechnologie I, Institut für Roboterforschung, Dortmund, (in Deutschland)
[17] Karabegović I.; Karabegović E.; Husak E.;2011. Comparative analysis
of the industrial robot application in Europa and Asia”, International
Journal of Engineering & Technology IJET-IJENS Vol.11, No.01, (in
Pakistan)
[18] Karabegović E.; Karabegović I.; Hadžalić E.;2012. Industrial robots
application trend in world metal industry”, Journal Engineering
Economics,Vol.23, No.4, Lithvania, 2012,: pp.368-378.

[19] Karabegović I.; Doleček V.; Husak E.;2011. Analysis of the Industrial
Robots in Various Production Processes in the World”, International
Review of Mechanical Engineering, Vol.5, No.7, 2011., Napoli, Italy,
:pp.1272-1277.
[20] Wolka D.W.;1992.Roboter sisteme, Technishe Universität des
Saarlandes im Stadtwald, (in Deutschland)
[21] McKerrow P. J.;1991. “Introduction to robotics”, Addison-Wesley
Publishing Company, Sydney,(in Australia)
[22] Sciavicco l.; Siciliano B.;2000.,Modelling and Control of Robot
Manipulators, 2nd Edition, Springer-Verlag Advanced Textbooks in
Control and Signal Processing Series, London, UK, 2000; 1st Edition,
McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, 1996. Also in Italian as Robotica
Industriale – Modellistica e Controllo di Manipolatori, McGraw-Hill
Libri Italia, Milano, I, 2nd Edition, 2000; 1st Edition, 1995.
[23] Shimon Y. Nof.;1999. Handbook of Industrial Robotics, 2nd
Edition,Library of Congress Cataloging –in- Publication Data,USA
[24] http:/www. worldometers.info7cars/(05.11.2016.

Design and Objective of Thermo-Electric Generator

Vol. 3, Issue 7, PP. 55-60, July 2016

Published online Design and Objective of Thermo-Electric Generator

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Abstract

Waste heat is created as an outgrowth in many process such as driving vehicles, running, cooking, electricity generation, working on computer etc. if we perform any task in the result decay warmth is created. Now large amount of spend warmed is create by the industries. Thermoelectric generator is one of the system of the power generation. Thermoelectric generator is a system which change warmed straight forwardly into electricity by utilizing a procedure called the “Seebeck impact”. In this paper i will suggested a thermoelectric generator which will utilize waste spend heat sap by the place for development of electric power. This recommended system depend on thermopiles and is called as bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3). Every system have two types of cost such as device and running or maintenance cost. But this system have no running cost because decay heat is the input source for this system. In our proposed design we use the digital circuit of thermometer, voltmeter, ampere meter to find the graph between decay warmth and generated power. By obtaining these graph we can easily calculate the efficiency of our proposed system.

Author

Sana Ullah Khan is a postgraduate student in Electrical Engineering Department University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar, Pakistan. Contact : +92-345-4840366, engrsanaullah51@gmail.com

Muhammad Iftikhar Khan is a Assistant Professor in Electrical Engineering Department Univeristy of Engineering and Technology Peshawar, Pakistan.

Feroz Shah is a Assistant Professor in Mechanical Engineerng Department University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar, Pakistan

Sadiq Ali is a Lecturer in Electrical Engineering Department University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar, Pakistan

Arshad Ali Khan is a Lecturer in Mechanical Engineering Department University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar, Pakistan

Cite

References

[1] Thermoelectric power generation using waste-heat energy as an alternative green technology by Basel i. Ismail*, wael h. Ahmed**.

[2] Kittel, C. Introduction to Solid State Physics. Wiley, 2005.

[3] Satterthwaite, C. B.; Ure, R. (1957). "Electrical and Thermal Properties of Bi2Te3". Phys. Rev. 108 (5).

[4] A. W. Crook (ed). Pro_tingFrom Low-Grade Waste Heat. London: Institute of Electrical Engineers, 1994.

[5] Haywood, J.B. Internal Combustion Engines Fundamentals, McGraw-Hill, 1988.

[6] D. M. Rowe (ed). CRC Handbook of Thermoelectric. Danvers, MA: CRC Press, 1995. (Modeling and application). February (2008), 105 114.

[7] Terry M. Tritt, “Part III-Semiconductors and Semimetals” Recent Trend in Thermoelectric Materials Research: (Volume 71): (Acedamic press New York 2000) p.6.

[8] Riffat SB, Ma X. Thermoelectric: A review of present and potential applications. Appl Therm Eng 2003; 23: 913-935.

[9] Yadav A, Pipe KP, Shtein M. Fiber-based flexible thermoelectric Power generator. J Power Sources 2008; 175: 909-913.

[10] Omer SA, Infield DG. Design and thermal analysis of two stage solar concentrator for combined heat and thermoelectric power generation. Energy Conversion & Management 2000; 41: 737-756.

[11] Jinushi T, Okahara M, Ishijima Z, Shikata H, Kambe M. Development of the high performance thermoelectric modules for High temperature heat sources. Mater Sci Forum 2007; 534-536

An Environmental Friendly and a High Efficient Energy Production Technology from MSW by using Air Fed RDF Gasification

Vol. 3, Issue 6, PP. 52-54, June 2016

Published online An Environmental Friendly and a High Efficient Energy Production Technology from MSW by using Air Fed RDF Gasification

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Abstract

Waste is the discard matters that comes from human activity and require proper disposal to avoid harmful effects to the environment.Though, there is still energy hidden inside the disposal and one need to recover that method because it is considered a green and clean renewable energy that can reduce greenhouse gas emission and lessen the effect of global warming. This paper provides an overview of the basic principle, steps involved in extraction of valuable energy from municipal solid waste (MSW) by using Air Fed Refuse derived fuel (RDF) gasification, benefits of gasification on environment and how gasification advances over incineration. MSW gasification is measured as the most prospective technology to replace incineration, because of the advantages, such as the strict control of pollution, significant volume reduction and enhances recycling rates.

Author

Cite

Salman Khan, Muhammad Naeem Arbab, ,

References

[1] Lei Ma, Chuanhua Liao, Yuezhao Zhu, Haijun Chen and Yanghuiqin Ding, “An environment friendly energy recovery technology : municipalsolid waste gasification,” Third International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation,2011.

[2] The waste-to-energy solution, www.gasification.org.

[3] Omar K.M. ouda and Syed A.Raza,“Waste-to-energy: solution for municipal solid waste challenges- global perspective,” International Symposium on Technology Management and emerging Technologies, May 2014.

[4] Porteous, “Municipal solid waste energy recovery–a comparisonbetween mass burn incineration and gasification options,” IMechESeminar 15, October 2000.

[5] Tada Uthaikiattikul, Somphot Cherdpong, Krongkaew Laohalidanond and Somrat Kerdsuwan, “Experimental study of RDF-gasification for power generation: university’s RDF model,” The Second TSME International Conference on Mechanical Engineering , October 2011.

[6] Imrul Kayes and A.H. Tehzeeb, “Waste to energy: a lucrative alternative,” Department of Mechanical Engineering,Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

[7] Hamid Khan and M. Fayyaz Khan, “Prospects of electricity generation from municipal solid waste gasification,” IEEE conference waste to energy solution, September 2011.

[8] Lara Azzi, Rayan Hijazi and Chantal Maatouk, “Organic municipal solid waste gasification for electricity production,” 2nd Renewable energy for developing countries, November 2014.

A Note on Some Growth Curves Arising from Box Cox Transformation

Vol. 3, Issue 6, PP. 47-51, June 2016

Published online A Note on Some Growth Curves Arising from Box Cox Transformation

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Abstract

Mathematical models of growth have been developed a long period of time. Estimating the lag time in the growth process is a practically important problem. In this note we provide estimates for the one–sided Hausdorff approximation () of the shifted step–function by sigmoidal function arising from Box–Cox transformation. We present a software module (intellectual property) within the programming environment of CAS Mathematica for analysis of growth curves. Numerical examples, illustrating our results are given, too.

Author

Cite

, ,

References

[1] O. Garcia, Unifying sigmoid univariate growth equations, Forest Biometry, Modelling and Information Sciences 1 (2005) 63–68

[2] O. Garcia, Visualization of a general family of growth functions and probability distributions - The Growth–curve Explorer, Environmental Modelling and Software 23 (2008) 1474–1475

[3] G. Box, D. Cox, An analysis of transformations, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, B 26 (1964) 211–252

[4] G. Seber, C. Wild, Nonlinear Regression, Wiley–Interscience, New York (2003)

[5] S. Shoffner, S. Schnell, Estimation of the lag time in a subsequent monomer addition model for fibrill elongation, bioRxiv The preprint server for biology, (2015) 1–8, doi:10.1101/034900

[6] P. Arosio, T. P. J. Knowles, S. Linse, On the lag phase in amyloid fibril formation, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17 (2015) 7606–7618, doi:10.1039/C4CP05563B

[7] R. Anguelov, S. Markov, Hausdorff Continuous Interval Functions and Approximations, In: M. Nehmeier et al. (Eds), Scientific Computing, Computer Arithmetic, and Validated Numerics, 16th International Symposium, Springer, SCAN 2014, LNCS 9553 (2016) 3–13, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-31769-4

[8] N. Kyurkchiev, A. Andreev, Approximation and antenna and filter synthesis: Some moduli in programming environment Mathematica, Saarbrucken, LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing (2014), ISBN 978–3–659–53322–8.

[9] F. Hausdorff, Set Theory (2 ed.) (Chelsea Publ., New York, (1962 [1957]) (Republished by AMS-Chelsea 2005), ISBN: 978–0–821–83835–8.

[10] B. Sendov, Hausdorff Approximations (Kluwer, Boston, 1990), doi:10.1007/978-94-009-0673-0

[11] N. Kyurkchiev, A note on the new geometric representation for the parameters in the fibril elongation process, Compt. rend. Acad. bulg. Sci. (2016) (accepted).

[12] N. Kyurkchiev, On the Approximation of the step function by some cumulative distribution functions, Compt. rend. Acad. bulg. Sci. 68(12) (2015) 1475–1482.

[13] N. Kyurkchiev, S. Markov, On the Hausdorff distance between the Heaviside step function and Verhulst logistic function, J. Math. Chem. 54(1) (2016) 109–119, doi:10.1007/S10910-015-0552-0

[14] N. Kyurkchiev, S. Markov, Sigmoidal functions: some computational and modelling aspects, Biomath Communications 1(2) (2014) 30–48, doi:10.11145/j.bmc.2015.03.081

[15] A. Iliev, N. Kyurkchiev, S. Markov, On the Approximation of the Cut and Step Functions by Logistic and Gompertz Functions, BIOMATH 4(2) (2015) 1510101, doi:10.11145/j.biomath.2015.10.101

[16] A. Iliev, N. Kyurkchiev, S. Markov, On the Approximation of the step function by some sigmoid functions, Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (2015), doi:10.1016/j.matcom.2015.11.005

[17] N. Kyurkchiev, S. Markov, On the approximation of the generalized cut function of degree by smooth sigmoid functions, Serdica J. Computing 9(1) (2015) 101–112.

[18] N. Kyurkchiev, S. Markov, Sigmoid functions: Some Approximation and Modelling Aspects, Saarbrucken, LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing (2015), ISBN 978–3–659–76045–7.

[19] V. Kyurkchiev, N. Kyurkchiev, On the Approximation of the Step function by Raised-Cosine and Laplace Cumulative Distribution Functions, European International Journal of Science and Technology 4(9) (2016) 75–84.

[20] N. Kyurkchiev, S. Markov, A. Iliev, A note on the Schnute growth model, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development 12 (6) (2016) 47–54.

[21] N. Kyurkchiev, A. Iliev, On some growth curve modeling: approximation theory and applications, International Journal of Trends in Research and Development 3 (3) (2016) 466–471.

Bangla Hand Written Character Recognition Using Support Vector Machine

Vol. 3, Issue 6, PP. 36-46, June 2016

Published online Bangla Hand Written Character Recognition Using Support Vector Machine

PDF

Abstract

Recognizing handwritten character using computer is still consider a strong area of research. A fundamental problem in the field of Bangla character recognition is the lack of availability of Bangla handwritten character data set. In this thesis our main objective is to generate a larger dataset of Bangla character and as well as improving the recognition rate using Support Vector Machine. Support Vector Machines (SVM) is used for classification in pattern recognition widely. In our proposed method we applied support vector machine for increasing the recognition rate. A scanner is used to capture handwritten data sheet written in white paper by various people. After that several approaches used to generate the final data set for training and testing in SVM. A cropped image is scaled into 16*16 pixel matrix and then combing large number of image a dataset is produced. A binary classification technique of Support Vector Machine is implemented and rbf kernel function is used in SVM. This rbf SVM produces 93.43% overall recognition rate which is satisfactory result among all techniques applied on handwritten Bangla handwritten character recognition system.

Author

Cite

, ,

References

[1] Shailedra Kumar Shrivastava, Sanjay S. Gharde, “Support Vector Machine for Handwritten Devanagari Numeral Recognition”, International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 7– No.11, October 2010.

[2] Mohammad Badiul Islam, MollahMasumBillahAzadi, Md. AbdurRahman and M. M. A. Hashem, “Bengali Handwritten Character Recognition using Modified Syntactic Method”, NCCPB-2005 © Independent University, Bangladesh.

[3] SandipKaur, “ Recognition of Handwritten Devanagri Script using Feature Based on Zernike Moments and Zoning and Neural Network Classifier”, A M. Tech. Thesis Report, Panjabi University, Patiala, 2004, pp.

[4] Gaurav Jain, Jason Ko, “Handwritten Digits Recognition”, Multimedia Systems, Project Report, University of Toronto, November 21, 2008, pp. 1-3.

[5] Anita Pal and Dayashankar Singh; “Handwritten English Character Recognition Using Neural Network”, In International Journal of Computer Science & Communication,Vol. 1, No. 2, July-December 2010, pp. 141-144.

[6] Al MamunurRasid and Muhammad Masroor Ali, “On Line Recognition of Handwritten Characters Using 1-Dim, 1-Dim DP approach”, Proc. ICCIT’1998 , 18-20 December, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh.pp.86-90.

[7] Mohammed Ali AsgerMoshad and Muhammad Masroor Ali, “Recognition of Handwritten Bangla Digits by Intelligent Regional Search Method”, Proc. ICCIT’2001, 28-29 December, Dhaka University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.pp.297-302.

[8] A.O.M. Asaduzzaman, Md. Khademul Islam Molla and M. Ganjer Ali, “Printed Bangla Text Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network with Heuristic Method”, Proc. ICCIT’2002 , 27-28 December, East West University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

[9] Anita Pal &Dayashankar Singh; “Handwritten English Character Recognition Using Neural Network”, In International Journal of Computer Science & Communication,Vol. 1, No. 2, July-December 2010, pp. 141-144.

[10] Md. Badrudoza, “Recognition of Bengali Handwritten Letters Using Self-Organizing Maps(SOM)”, Proc. ICCIT’2003, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.pp.355-359.

[11] Md. ShafiulAzamHowlader, Md. Mostafa Jamal and GahangirHossain, “New Approch of Bangla Handwriting Recognition”, Proc. ICCIT’2003, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.pp.370-373.

[12] Abdul Rahim Ahmad, Christian Viard-Gaudin, Marzuki Khalid, RubiyahYusof; “Online Handwriting Recognition using Support Vector Machine”, In Second International Conference on ArtificialIntelligence in Engineering & Technology, August 3-5 2004, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.

[13] Verma B.K, “Handwritten Hindi Character Recognition Using Multilayer Perceptron and Radial Basis Function Neural Network”, IEEE International Conference on NeuralNetwork, 4, pp. 2111-2115, 1995.

[14] Ahmed Shah Mashiyat, Ahmed Shah Mehadi and KamrulHasanTalukder, “ Bangla off-line Handwritten Character Recognition Using Superimposed Matrices”.

[15] Homayoon S.M. Beigi, "An Overview of Handwriting Recognition," Proceedings of the 1st Annual Conference on Technological Advancements in Developing Countries, Columbia University, New York, July 24-25, 1993, pp. 30-46.

[16] [Nibaran Das, Brindaban Das, Ram Sarkar, SubhadipBasu, MahantapasKundu, MitaNasipuri, “Handwritten Bangla Basic and Compound character recognition using MLP and SVM classifier”, Journal of computing, volume 2, issue 2, February 2010, ISSN 2151-9617.

[17] [Mohammad Badiul Islam, MollahMasumBillahAzadi, Md. AbdurRahman and M. M. A. Hashem, “Bengali Handwritten Character Recognition using Modified Syntactic Method”, NCCPB-2005 © Independent University, Bangladesh.

[18] http://www.mathworks.com/help/toolbox/fuzzy/fp72.html#FP108

[19] http://www.kev.pulo.com.au/ai/fuzzyml_report/node3.html

[20] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Support_vector_machine

[21] DENG Naiyang,TIANYingjie. Support Vector Machines Theory, Algorithms and Expand [M]. Science Press,2009

Frequency Regulation Control of Wind Turbine Incorporating Stepper Motor in Pitch System

Vol. 3, Issue 5, PP. 32-35, May 2016

Published online Frequency Regulation Control of Wind Turbine Incorporating Stepper Motor in Pitch System

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Abstract

This paper describes the presentation of a stepper motor in the pitch control system to regulate frequency. The controller sense the frequency deviation. If the frequency deviation is positive the stepper motor will recommend the motor to pitch the turbine blade slightly away from wind pressure. Similarly if the frequency deviation is negative the stepper motor will recommend the motor to pitch the turbine blade slightly towards wind pressure. The blade pitching is performed by another motor. The frequency controlled by conventional hydraulic mean is costly complex and quite slow in response. They consume enough time during big load changes. In this research a stepper motor is being used for frequency control. A stepper motor is economical capable of fast action and easy to control. The position of the stepper motor is controlled by a PI Proportional Integral controller. Thus a proposed frequency control system incorporating a stepper motor in pitch control system is modeled, designed and simulated in Matlab/ Simulink. The frequency control through stepper motor improves the Transient and steady state performances are enhanced and moreover it reduces frequency spikes.

Author

Cite

, ,

References

[1] Er.R.K.Rajput, “Non Conventional Energy Sources and Utilization,”1st ed. S Chand & Company New Delhi, India.

[2] National Renewable Energy Limited, www.nrel.com.

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[5] A. Nigussie and M.Manno, “ A Novel Scheme of Controlling the Frequency of a Standalone Micro Hydro Plant” Electrical and Power Engineering Frontier. Volume 2 (3) Page 59-63,Sep 2013.

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[9] Asia Commerce Import and Export Corporation, IFC Brushless Three Phase Synchronous Generator, Shanghai, 2009.

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By the Design and Implementation of Modified Kalman Filter for LPV Systems

Vol. 3, Issue 4, PP. 26-31, April 2016

Published online By the Design and Implementation of Modified Kalman Filter for LPV Systems

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Abstract

Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) system is an important class of system, as it covers many physical systems. In this paper, the routine Kalman filtering scheme derivations are entertained to modify for generalized LPV systems. The original system is unstable, for controlling purpose a state-feedback controller is employed. For simulation purpose, a real time case study of Boeing-747 model is adopted. The results comprehend attractive features for modified Kalman filtering scheme.

Author

Cite

Muhammad Kamran Shereen, Muhammad Iftikhar Khan, Naeem Khan, Wasi Ullah, ,

References

[1] Halim Alwi, Christopher Edwards, and Andres Marcos.Fault reconstruction using a LPV sliding mode observer for a class of LPV systems. Journal of the Franklin Institute, 349(1):510–530, June 2012.

[2] S. Armeni, A. Casavola and E. Mosca. Robust fault detection and isolation for LPV systems under a sensitivity constraint. International Journal of Adaptive Control and Signal Processing, 23(7):55–72, 2009.

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[4] A. Casavola, D. Famularo, G. Franze and M. Sorbara. A fault-detection,filterdesign method for linear parameter- varying systems. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering, 221(6)(11):865–874, 2007.

[5] S. H. Cha, M. Rotkowitz and B. D. O. Anderson. Gain scheduling using Time-Varying Kalman Filter for a class of LPV System. Proceeding of the 17th World Congress The International Federation of Automatic Control Seoul, Korea, 2008.

[6] Denis Efimov, Tarek Rassi, Wilfrid Perruquetti and Ali Zolghadri. Estimation and Control of Discrete-Time LPV Systems Using Interval Observers. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, (24):5036–5041, December 2013.

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[9] S. Grenaille, D. Henry and A. Zolghadri. A method for designing fault diagnosis filters for LPV polytopic systems.Journal of Control Science and Engineering, 2008.

[10] D. Henry, A. Falcoz and A. Zolghadri. Structured H1=HLPV filter for fault diagnosis. Some new results Proceedings of the IFAC Symposium SAFE PROCESS, 2009.

[11] Naeem Khan, Sajjad Fekriand and Dawei Gu. A Sub-Optimal Kalman Filtering for Discrete-Time LTI Systems with Loss of Data. In the 7th IFAC Conference onIntelligent Control Automation and Robotics, 2010.

[12] A. Marcos and G. J. Balas. Development of linear-parameter-varying models for aircraft. AIAA Journal of Guidance, Control and Dynamics, 2(2):218–228, march 2004.

[13] G. L. Plett. Extended Kalman Filtering for Battery Management Systems of LiPB-Based HEV Battery Packs. Part 1. Journal of Power Sources, 134(22): 252–261, 2004a.

[14] G. L. Plett. Extended Kalman Filtering for BatteryManagement Systems of LiPB-Based HEV Battery Packs. Part 2. Journal of Power Sources, 134(23): 262– 276, 2004b

[15] P. L. Santos, J. A. Ramos and J. L. Martinsde, Identification of Linear Parameter Varying Systems Using an iterative Determination Stochastic Subspace Approach European Control Conference, 1(4):2-7, July 2007.

[16] M. Sato. Filter design for LPV systems using quardratically parameter dependent Lyapunov function. Automatica, 42(11)(12):2017-2023, 2006

[17] S. Shamma and M. Athans. Gain scheduling possible hazards and potential remedies. IEEE Control System Magazine, (21):101-107, June 1992

[18] D. Simon. Optimal State Estimation Kalman, H1 and Nonlinear Approaches. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2006.

[19] I. Szaszi, A. Marcos, G. J. Balas and J. Bokor. Linear Parameter Varying detection filter design for a Boeing 747-100/200 aircraft . Journal of Guidance Control and Dynamics, 28(3)(8):461-470, 2005.

[20] G. Welch and G. Bishop. An Introduction to the Kalman filter. ACM, Inc, SIGGRAPH, 2001.

[21] G. Woloodkin, G. J. Balas and W. L. Garrard. Application of Parameter Dependent Robust Control Synthesis to Turbofan Engines. Journal of Guidance,Control and Dynaomics, 22(25); 262-276, November 1999.

Wanli Liu, Zhengfu Bian, Zhengfu Liu and Qiuzhao Zhang. Evaluation of a cubature Kalman Filtering-Based Phase University method for Differential Interferograms with High Noise in Coal Mining Area, 6 July 2015, 16336- 16357.

Gain Enhancement of the Patch Antenna Using TSRR NRI Superstrate

Vol. 3, Issue 4, PP. 19-25, April 2016

Published online Gain Enhancement of the Patch Antenna Using TSRR NRI Superstrate

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Abstract

This article presents a high gain patch antenna with negative refractive index (NRI) superstrate for the application of Radio frequency energy harvesting system. Triangular split ring resonators (TSRR)-strip line are used as a NRI superstrate to enhance the gain of the patch antenna. It is demonstrated that the proposed triangular split ring resonator (TSRR) structure metamaterial yields negative value of an effective refractive index that over the frequency range of 774 MHz to 974 MHz. The negative refractive index structure is applied as a superstrate to a microstrip patch antenna. The simulation results show that the gain is effectively improved by 2.326 dB (85.96 %) after the incorporation of negative refractive index metamaterial superstrate on to the conventional patch antenna. The results illustrated that the gain of the proposed antenna is enhanced over the desired frequency band 935 MHz to 960 MHz. The air gap between the antenna and superstrate was also studied by applying the theory of Fabry-Perot (F-P) resonant cavity to obtain the optimum air gap of 55 mm to achieve the maximum gain. The proposed antenna is also fabricated and tested, the measured results shown that have good agreement with the simulated results in term of S -parameters and radiation characteristics.

Author

This Research work is funded by Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia Grant No. is FRGS/2/2013/ ST02INTI/ 02/01.

K.A. Devi: INTI International University Nilai, Malaysia, kavurik.adevi@newinti.edu.my

Ng Chun Hau: INTI International University Nilai, Malaysia chunhau.ng@s.newinti.edu.my

C. K. Chakrabarty: Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang, Malaysia, chandan@uniten.edu.my

Norashidah Md. Din: Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang, Malaysia, norashidah @uniten.edu.my

Cite

K.A. Devi, Ng Chun Hau, C. K. Chakrabarty, Norashidah Md. Din,

References

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[15] Xiaolong Huang, Yong Liu, Xiaohong Tang, Zhongxun Zhang, “Novel Nested SplitRring-Resonator SRRr) for CompactFfilter Application,” Prog. Electromagn. Res., vol. 136, pp. 765–773, 2013.

[16] C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory Analysis and Design, Third Edit., no. 3. 2005.

[17] D. R. Smith, D. C. Vier, T. Koschny, and C. M. Soukoulis, “Electromagnetic parameter retrieval from inhomogeneous metamaterials,” Phys. Rev. E, vol. 71, no. 3, p. 036617, 2005.

Contemporary Challenges Facing Mobile Networks Operators: A Comparative Survey Reflecting Migration from 3rd Generation to 4th Generation of Mobile Communications Between Tanzania and other Parts ....

Vol. 3, Issue 3, PP. 6-18, March 2016

Published online Contemporary Challenges Facing Mobile Networks Operators: A Comparative Survey Reflecting Migration from 3rd Generation to 4th Generation of Mobile Communications Between Tanzania and other Parts ....

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Abstract

Nowadays in Tanzania, some telecommucation companies also known as Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) are investing heavily in mobile broadband technologies including new base stations, higher-bandwidth tower connections and new backhaul solutions to meet emerging 4G/LTE requirements. Fourth generation wireless systems(4G) are likely to reach the consumer market in another few years and it comes with the promise that it will increased bandwidth, higher speeds ,greater interoperability across communication protocols, user friendly, innovative and secure applications. However, there are a lot of challenges which might lead to fading of the expected promises. Quantitative approach was used in this study whereby exhaustive literature review of thirteen (13) papers was conducted to compare and find out the relationship between the variables. Frequency and percentage were computed to find out the results. The findings show that mobile handset incompatibility, handoff issues, security and privacy issues, quality of service support problems, high billing to customers, complex infrastructure requirement, network spectrum problems, and mobile handset expenses are the challenges which might hinder MNOs from migrating from 3G to 4G.The study recommends that before deploying 4G network systems standardized environment which will facilitate the seamless accommodation of the newly technology and therefore entrenching the possibility of gaining from the technology the enticing advantages to both users’ and providers.

Author

Cite

, ,

References

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[14] K. Amit, Dr Y. Liu, and J. Sengupta, “Evolution of Mobile Wireless Communication Networks: 1G to 4G,” International Journal of electronics & communication technology 1, no. 1 (2010): 68-72.

[15] R. M. Kumar, A. N. Singh, V. Vasanthi, B. Bharati, and M. Hemalatha, “4G–fourth generation wireless systems requirements and technical challenges,” Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31, no. 1 (2011): 29-35.

[16] R. Pierce M., and M. Heimlich, “Power and latency limitations in secondary spectrum reuse for mobile and home wireless systems,” In Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC), 2014 International Symposium on, pp. 480-485. IEEE, 2014.

[17] N. Nikesh, “Voice quality control in packet switched wireless networks,” PhD diss., Faculty of Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2012.

[18] M. R. Galan, and J. Rumanyika, “Business Constraints and Potential Growth of Small and Medium Enterprises in Tanzania,” A Review: European Journal of Business and Management 6, no. 32 (2014): 72-79,2014.

[19] J. A. Mohammed, M. K. Almsafir, and A. S. M. Alnaser, “The factors that affects e-commerce adoption in small and medium enterprise: A review,” Aus. J.2013.

[20] D.U. Adokar, and P. J. Rajput, “Wireless Evolution with 4G Technologies,” 2012.

[21] L. Xichun, A. Gani, R. Salleh, and O. Zakaria,” The future of mobile wireless communication networks,” In Communication Software and Networks, 2009. ICCSN’09. International Conference on, pp. 554-557, IEEE 2009.

[22] M. J. Arshad, A. Farooq, and A. Shah, “Evolution and development towards 4th generation (4G) mobile communication systems,” Journal of American Science 6, no. 12 (2010): 63-68.

[23] B. Renuka “3G to 4G core network migration,” Radisys White Paper (2010).

[24] C. Sonali, and V. Mane, “4G Wireless Networks Challenges and Benefits,” International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering 3, no. 7 (2013): p307-p310.

[25] O. Fagbohun, “Comparative studies on 3G, 4G and 5G wireless technology,” IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering 9, no. 3 (2014): 88-94.

[26] M. K.P Malecha ., and K. H. Wandra, “4G Wireless Networks: Opportunities and Challenges,” In India Conference (INDICON), 2009 Annual IEEE, pp. 1-4. IEEE, 2009.

[27] K. Kumaravel, “Comparative study of 3G and 4G in mobile technology,” IJCSI International Journal of Computer Science Issues 8, no. 5 (2011): 3.

[28] A.K. Rathore, R. K. Chaurasia, R. Mishra, and H. Kumar, “Road Map and Challenges in 4G Wireless System,” J Elec Electron 1, no. 2 (2012).

[29] Kalyani, R. Ludwig, P. Mogensen, V. Nandlall, V. Vucetic, B. Yi, and Z. Zvonar, “LTE part I: core network,” Communications Magazine, IEEE 47, no. 2 (2009): 40-43.

[30] I.M. Kaleem, M. Bilal, I. Rasheed, and A. Sandhu, “4G Evolution and Multiplexing Techniques with solution to implementation challenges,” In Cyber-Enabled Distributed Computing and Knowledge Discovery (CyberC), 2012 International Conference on, pp. 485-488. IEEE, 2012 Basic Applied Sci.7 (2013): 406-412.

[31] F. Frank, A. Köpsel, A. Wolisz, M. Krishnam, and M. Reisslein, “Providing application-level QoS in 3G/4G wireless systems: a comprehensive framework based on multirate CDMA,” Wireless Communications, IEEE 9, no. 2 (2002): 42-47.

Temperature and Channel width Dependence of Novel Lateral Gate VJFET

Vol. 3, Issue 2, PP. 1-5, February 2016

Published online Temperature and Channel width Dependence of Novel Lateral Gate VJFET

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Abstract

2D numerical simulation of normally off vertical N-channel JFET with novel internal lateral gate configuration designed on a 9.4 ?m, 7 × 1015 cm?3 doped drift layer is presented. The study covers an interval of blocking voltages ranging from 600 V to 933 V for various temperatures and channel widths. The effect of elimination of vertical JFET gates and variation in channel width on the on-state/breakdown performance is carefully investigated. The device performance has been compared in terms of blocking voltages, specific on-state resistance and maximum output current density in the temperature range from room temperature up to 473 K. Normally-off operation with blocking voltage (Vbl) of 933 V is demonstrated for a gate voltage of -20 V. The goal of this work is to predict the performance of lateral gate VJFET configuration and have a deep insight into the relationship between the device’s electrical/thermal characteristics and channel thickness. The detailed investigation reveals that lateral gate configuration offers less resistance to leakage current reducing the blocking capability of the device. Though, it’s excellent on state performance in terms of high saturation current (1.23A) and low on-resistance (3.6 m ?) makes this VJFET an excellent device for fast power switching applications.

Author

Cite

, ,

References

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