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Volume 2023

Seasonal Variation in Budhni Nullah’s Flows Under Changing Climate

Vol. 10, Issue 08, PP. 69-73, August 2023

Published online Seasonal Variation in Budhni Nullah’s Flows Under Changing Climate

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Abstract

Climate Change, an inevitable phenomenon, is impacting weather patterns and results in extreme climatic events. Pakistan is the 5th most affected country by climate change. Globally, Pakistan is highly susceptible to temperature rise, due to its geographic location. This study explores the effects of climate change on the seasonal flows of Budni Nullah. In order to, investigate the effect of changing climate, bias-corrected data of five General Circulation Models (GCMs) of “Coupled Intercomparison Project-6” (CMIP6), under Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP2-4.5) have been used. The hydrologic model, Soil and water assessment Tool, (SWAT) was calibrated and Validated for a period of six years (2002-2008) and four years (2009-2013) respectively with statistical functions: R-squared, 0.78 & 0.58, Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency, 0.75 & 0.80. Three future time periods: (2011-2040), (2041-2070) and (2071-2100) of each 30 years were selected and accordingly. The average monthly flow was modeled for SSP245. A comparison of the results reveal that for majority of the time increas in flows were witnessed during monsoon season. Higher flows were observed during time period of 2011-2040.

Author

Sajadullah, Dr. Asif Khan, Naila Ahmad

Cite

Sajadullah, Asif Khan, Naila Ahmad “Seasonal Variation in Budhni Nullah’s Flows Under Changing Climate” Internationa, Vol. 10, Issue 08, PP. 69-73, June 2023. https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.23.10086973.,

References

Parametric Optimization of the Selig (S1223-il) Airfoil for Enhanced Performance of Vertical Axis Wind Turbines

Vol. 10, Issue 06, PP. 64-68, June 2023

Published online Parametric Optimization of the Selig (S1223-il) Airfoil for Enhanced Performance of Vertical Axis Wind Turbines

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Abstract

This study investigates the optimization of the Selig (S1223-il) airfoil to improve the performance of vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) using the QBlade software. The efficiency of wind turbines heavily relies on the design of their airfoils, as they play a critical role in capturing energy from the wind. Parametric optimization methods are employed to simultaneously reduce the thickness and camber of the airfoil. Specifically, the airfoil thickness is reduced from 12.14% to 8.5% at the maximum thickness position of 19.80%, while the camber is decreased from 8.87% to 8.46% at the maximum camber position of 49%. These optimizations result in improved aerodynamic performance of the airfoil. Simulation results demonstrate significant enhancements in the coefficients of lift (CL), drag (CD), moment (Cm), and lift-to-drag ratio (CL/CD) at an optimal angle of attack of 10o. The optimized airfoil exhibits CL and CL/CD ratios increased from 1.988 to 2.121 and 33.370 to 55.356, respectively, while CD and Cm are reduced from 0.063 to 0.038 and -0.226 to -0.244, respectively. Thereby, the coefficient of power (CP) is improved from 23% to 34% due to these optimizations. The findings of this study suggest that employing parametric optimization methods to enhance the Selig (S1223-il) airfoil represents an effective approach to improving the performance of VAWTs. This approach contributes to the promotion of wind energy utilization as a sustainable and environmentally friendly power source.

Author

Kashif Adnan,Waqas Ahmad, Adnan Daud Khan

Cite

Kashif Adnan, Waqas Ahmad, Adnan Daud Khan “Parametric Optimization of the Selig (S1223-il) Airfoil for Enhanced Performance of Vertical Axis Wind Turbines” International Journal of Engineering Works, Vol. 10, Issue 06, PP. 64-68, June 2023. https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.23.10066468.

References

Using Computer Tomographic (CT) Images, A Rebust Hybrid Computer-Aided Deep Learning Framework for Lung Cancer Classification

Vol. 10, Issue 06 PP. 55-63, June 2023

Published online Using Computer Tomographic (CT) Images, A Rebust Hybrid Computer-Aided Deep Learning Framework for Lung Cancer Classification

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Abstract

Various forms of cancer have been recognized, all sharing a common objective: the rapid destruction of healthy tissue. To enhance a patients chances of surviving cancer, it is crucial to accurately diagnose and prognose the specific type of underlying disease. Early identification and personalized treatment can potentially improve survival rates. Additionally, it is important to differentiate cancer patients based on their risk levels for disease progression. In the past, data mining and machine learning algorithms have been employed for cancer diagnosis. However, these approaches rely on manually conducted feature extraction techniques, resulting in unreliable categorization. Consequently, precise cancer identification becomes a time-consuming task fraught with the possibility of pathologist errors. In contrast, deep learning has recently gained significant traction in categorization and detection fields, owing to its powerful feature extraction capabilities. Therefore, I utilized a hybrid deep learning model to achieve better accuracy in identifying cases of lung cancer.

Author

Abdul Jabbar , M. Irfan Khtaak, Arif ULLAH

Cite

Abdul Jabbar, M. Irfan Khtaak, Arif ULLAH “Using Computer Tomographic (CT) Images, A Rebust Hybrid Computer-Aided Deep Learning Framework for Lung Cancer Classification” International Journal of Engineering Works, Vol. 10, Issue 06, PP. 55-63, June 2023. https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.23.10065563.

References

Multi LiFePO4 Battery Balancer for further Developing Effectiveness and Enhanced Capacity

Vol. 10, Issue 06, PP. 46-54, June 2023

Published online Multi LiFePO4 Battery Balancer for further Developing Effectiveness and Enhanced Capacity

ePub PDF

Abstract

Lithium-ion (LiFePO4) battery can give various good features, for instance, more modest volume, higher security, cut down weight, without memory influence, higher release current, longer life cycle, recyclable and greater breaking point. In the proposed system, the battery structure will recognize the crucial factors of the lithium-ion (LiFePO4) battery module, including delivering or charging current, battery voltage, and temperature. Over current protection, overvoltage protection, cut off, over temperature protection, etc., are only some of the safety features that the battery management system may provide for the battery module. The employed battery management system IC is capable of controlling the uniformity of each cell. For this study, three-series-connected lithium-ion battery pack to test the suggested control method. Proteus has unparalleled performance by doing research and replicating its results, and then using the resulting replica diagrams to validate research hypothesis. With Proteus, result of battery management system will be obtained and analyzed.

Author

Salman Khan

Cite

Salman Khan “Multi LiFePO4 Battery Balancer for further Developing Effectiveness and Enhanced Capa, Vol. 10, Issue 06, PP. 46-54, June 2023. https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.23.10064654.,

References

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L. Yuheng, W. Xuezhe, and S. Zechang, “Low Power Strategy Design for Battery Management System,” in Proc. IEEE, pp. 636-639, April. 2009.
M. Fahad Ali, S. Linjun, I. Jamil, M. Aurangzeb, Research on Charging and Discharging of Lithium Ion Battery based on Temperature Controlled Technique, International Journal of Engineering Works, Vol. 6, Issue 05, PP. 153-158, May 2019, DOI:10.34259/ijew.19.605153158.
J. Wen, and J. Jiang, “Battery Management System for the Charge Code of Quickly Exchanging Battery Package,” in Proc. IEEE, pp. 1-4, Sept. 2008.
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I. Jamil, H. Lucheng, S. Habib, M. Aurangzeb, E. M. Ahmed, R. Jamil, Performance evaluation of solar power plants for excess energy based on energy production, Energy Reports, Volume 9, 2023, Pages 1501-1534, ISSN 2352-4847, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.12.081.
D. Danilov, and P.H.L. Notten, “Adaptive Battery Management Systems for the New Generation of Electrical Vehicles,” in Proc. IEEE, pp. 317- 320, Sept. 2009.
M. Glavin, and W.G. Hurley, “Battery Management System for Solar Energy Applications,” in Proc. IEEE, pp. 79-83, Sept. 2006.
C. S. Moo, Y. C. Hsieh, I. S. Tasi and J. C. Chang, “Dynamic Charge Equalization for Series-Connected Batteries,” IEE Proc.-Electr. Power Appl., Vol. 150, No. 5, pp.501-505, Sep. 2003.
I. Jamil, J. Q. Zhao, L. Zhang, R. Jamil, and S. F. Rafique, “Evaluation of energy production and energy yield assessment based on feasibility, design, and execution of 3 × 50 MW grid-connected solar PV pilot project in Nooriabad,” International Journal of Photoenergy, vol. 2017, Article ID 6429581, 18 pages, 2017
H. S. Park, C. H. Kim, K. B. Park, G. W. Moon, and J. H. Lee, “Design of a Charge Equalizer based on Battery Modularization,” IEEE Trans. on Vehicular Tech., Vol. 58, No. 7, pp. 3216-3223, Sep. 2009.
N. H. Kutkut, et. al., “Design Consolations for Charge Equalization of an Electric Vehicle Battery System,” IEEE Trans. on Indu. Appli. Vol. 35, pp. 28-35, 1999.
I Jamil, J. Zhao, L. Zhang, S. F. Rafique, R. Jamil, "Uncertainty Analysis of Energy Production for a 3 × 50 MW AC Photovoltaic Project Based on Solar Resources", International Journal of Photoenergy, vol. 2019, Article ID 1056735, 12 pages, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1056735.
I Jamil, Z Jinquan, R Jamil, R Jamil, A Samee, "A battery charging system & appended ZCS (PWM) resonant converter dc-dc buck: technique for battery charger to yield efficient performance in charging shaping", Electrical and Electronics Engineering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol. 2, 2013/5.
Y.D Deng, Gao, H.O. Wang, Z.F. Control Strategies of Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle. J. Eng. J. Wuhan Univ.2004, 37, 139–144.

A Hybrid Sine Cosine-Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Energy Optimization on Demand Side (DS) of Smart Grid

Vol. 10, Issue 05, PP. 37-45, May 2023

Published online A Hybrid Sine Cosine-Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Energy Optimization on Demand Side (DS) of Smart Grid

ePub PDF

Abstract

Electricity has many advantages over other forms of energy, including ease of production, handling, flexibility, and efficiency, making it the most useful form of energy ever discovered. However, as the population grows, so does the electricity demand. Building new power plants requires a lot of effort, money, time, and resources. It is imperative to use the energy already available wisely. For the intelligent use of energy, a variety of approaches are used. To achieve the goals of lowering electricity costs, peak-to-average ratios (PAR), and user comfort, meta-heuristic optimization algorithms are frequently used and occasionally mathematically based optimization algorithms are employed. This concept also led to the creation of the Smart Grid (SG) and its concept. To use the energy effectively and conduct a comparison, a Synergy of Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) are used in this paper.

Author

Raidar Ali

Cite

Raidar Ali �A Hybrid Sine Cosine-Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Energy Optimization on Demand Side (DS) of Smart Grid� International Journal of Engineering Works, Vol. 10, Issue 05, PP. 37-45, March 2023. https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.23.10053745.

References

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[7] Irfan Jamil, Hong Lucheng, Salman Habib, Muhammad Aurangzeb, Emad M. Ahmed, Rehan Jamil, Performance evaluation of solar power plants for excess energy based on energy production, Energy Reports, Volume 9, 2023, Pages 1501-1534, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.12.081.

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Analyzing the Aviation Industry based on Impact of COVID-19 using HR Strategic Management Practices: A Case Study

Vol. 10, Issue 03, PP. 30-36, March 2023

Published online Analyzing the Aviation Industry based on Impact of COVID-19 using HR Strategic Management Practices: A Case Study

ePub PDF

Abstract

One of the most significant case studies in the world market is the analysis of the strategic management techniques in aviation industry with COVID-19 crisis. Currently, the global community has been affected severely with the Coronavirus pandemic COVID-19. Aviation is one of the industries that has been hardest hit. A strategic management approach used in this study to investigate how COVID-19 challenged this sector. The airline sector operates in a very cutthroat environment. Its target market includes people from all over the country and the world with a variety of specialties. For the management to examine the decision-making process and stabilize the uncertain conditions brought on by the environment, strategic management practices are of utmost importance. Analysis of the economic and administrative repercussions of Covid-19, which disrupted travel plans and altered budget projections, has assumed a crucial role. By implementing conventional business procedures, strategic management makes a significant contribution to addressing the challenge. The paper highlights the best management approaches, which unquestionably address the crises and support the aviation industry and compares them to analogous prior crises.

Author

Irfan Jamil, Muhammad Umer, Azhar Abbas, M. Mustafa Azeem, Rehan Jamil

Cite

Irfan Jamil, Muhammad Umer, Azhar Abbas, M. Mustafa Azeem, Rehan Jamil �Analyzing the Aviation Industry based on Impact of COVID-19 using HR Strategic Management Practices: A Case Study� International Journal of Engineering Works, Vol. 10, Issue 03, PP. 30-36, March 2023. https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.23.10033036.

References

Design of Hybrid Electromechanical Switch for Automatic Voltage Control of on Load Tap Changer Transformer

Vol. 10, Issue 03 PP. 22-29, March 2023

Published online Design of Hybrid Electromechanical Switch for Automatic Voltage Control of on Load Tap Changer Transformer

ePub PDF

Abstract

On Load tap changer OLTC transformer having electromechanical hybrid switch, is used to regulate voltage level by changing the taps without arcing which cause increase or decrease in voltage level in a very efficient and coherent manner depending upon the requirement of the system. Mostly mechanical type of On Load tap Changer is widely used for control voltage in distributed networks. Mechanical On Load Tap Changer has some disadvantages during tap changing process like causing arc, slow switching, high malfunction rate and require manpower. In mechanical switches wear and tear occurs due to tap changing due to the arcing phenomenon. Besides these drawbacks, there are also some advantages of mechanical OLTC such as low on-steady losses and high overload capacity. Due to fluctuations in voltage level of smart grid a hybrid power electronic assisted mechanical On Load Tap Changer transformer is designed. In this research paper a hybrid Switch is proposed using the advantages of mechanical as well as electronic bidirectional switches for automatic tap changing of OLTC transformer. The electronic OLTC uses semiconductor namely IGBT as a bidirectional switch. By using electromechanical switch the taps changing process will be arc less and there will be low On-state losses and high over load capacity. This will provide automatic, arc free tap change and long lifetime.

Author

Uzair Khan and Dr. Abdul Basit

Cite

Uzair Khan, Dr. Abdul Basit �Design of Hybrid Electromechanical Switch for Automatic Voltage Control of on Loa, Vol. 10, Issue 03, PP. 22-28, March 2023. https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.23.10032228., ,

References

[1] J. Tu and Y. Mi, �Research on Transformer Fast OLTC System,� J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 1187, p. 022002, Apr. 2019, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1187/2/022002.

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[13] D. Gao, Q. Lu, and J. Luo, �A new scheme for on-load tap-changer of transformers,� Proc. Int. Conf. Power Syst. Technol., vol. 2, pp. 1016�1020 vol.2, 2002.

[14] B. Poulin, R. M. D. Vecchio, P. T. Feghali, R. Ahuja, and D. M. Shah, �Transformer Design Principles: With Applications to Core-Form Power Transformers,� 2001.

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[17] S. Rao and B. Subramanyeswar, �Fine Voltage Control Using Oltc by Static Tap Change Mechanism,� 2012.

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Design of Hybrid Power System using PV and Piezoelectric Energy Harvester

Vol. 10, Issue 03 PP. 16-21, March 2023

Published online Design of Hybrid Power System using PV and Piezoelectric Energy Harvester

ePub PDF

Abstract

Now a day�s modern power system gradually prefers renewable energy resources. Conventional energy resources involves issues related environmental pollution and its reserves are also diminishing whereas demand for energy is rising daily. Whereas share of renewable energy in power industry is increasing because they are affordable, reliable, clean and available in large quantity. Renewable energy resources are intermittent in nature. So, to make power system more reliable combination of both piezoelectric transducers and solar panel are used to generate sufficient energy. Solar panels output is first given to DC-DC Boost Converter through maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm. Piezoelectric generator gives AC output so it is desired to rectify this output to get DC. Both sources are then connected in parallel which charges/discharges through a bi-directional DC-DC converter. Battery is connected with the system. The overall DC output is converted to AC through voltage source inverter (VSI) for grid connection and vice versa. The main purpose to design such kind of power system is to generate electricity from renewable energy resources which will be more reliable.

Author

Sanan Afridi and Dr. Abdul Basit

Cite

Sanan Afridi and Dr. Abdul Basit �Design of Hybrid Power System using PV and Piezoelectric Energy Ha, Vol. 10, Issue 03, PP. 16-21, March 2023. https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.23.10031621.,

References

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[5] I. G. Zurbriggen and M. Ordonez, �PV Energy Harvesting Under Extremely Fast Changing Irradiance: State-Plane Direct MPPT,� IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 66, no. 3, pp. 1852�1861, Mar. 2019, doi: 10.1109/TIE.2018.2838115.

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[12] E. A. Handoyo, D. Ichsani, and Prabowo, �The Optimal Tilt Angle of a Solar Collector,� Energy Procedia, vol. 32, pp. 166�175, Jan. 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.05.022.

[13] S. Aziz and S. Hassan, �On Improving the Efficiency of a Solar Panel Tracking System,� Procedia Manufacturing, vol. 7, pp. 218�224, Jan. 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.promfg.2016.12.053.

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[15] M. Hlaili and H. Mechergui, �Comparison of Different MPPT Algorithms with a Proposed One Using a Power Estimator for Grid Connected PV Systems,� International Journal of Photoenergy, vol. 2016, p. e1728398, Jun. 2016, doi: 10.1155/2016/1728398.

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Power Consumption Comparison between conventional and Two Roller Cane Crushing Mills

Vol. 10, Issue 03 PP. 10-15, March 2023

Published online Power Consumption Comparison between conventional and Two Roller Cane Crushing Mills

ePub PDF

Abstract

Lean manufacturing has become a global trend, with companies constantly striving to achieve more with less. However, many companies, including those in Pakistans sugar industry, have yet to fully embrace this concept. With Pakistan facing electricity shortages, the countrys 85 sugar mills collectively generate less than 500 MW of electricity. A traditional Sugar Mill, which currently runs at 6000 TCD, has been identified as a primary model for this upgrade. By up gradation to 2-roller mills, instead of 4-roller or 6-roller mills, this energy production can be increased by up to 15%. After implementing this change, the mill can save up to 30% and 40-45% energy compared to 4-roller and 6-roller mills, respectively. This is due to the fewer components required with a 2-roller mill, particularly after the removal of the trash plate which consumes around 25% of the total crushing mill energy. By applying various data-gathering approaches, a model has been developed that can save over 13% of bagasse, enabling sugar mill owners to export energy to the National Grid and generate additional revenue.

Author

Muhammad Umer, Tanzeel Ur Rashid, Abdullah Hashim Zahid, Inaam Ullah, Saghar Rabbani

Cite

Muhammad Umer, Tanzeel Ur Rashid, Abdullah Hashim Zahid, Inaam Ullah, Saghar Rabbani �Power Consumption Comparison between Conventional and Two Roller Cane Crushing Mill, Vol. 10, Issue 03, PP. 10-15, March 2023. https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.23.10031015.,

References

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Workers Ergonomics Measures Enhancement Through Surface Electromyography (EMG)

Vol. 10, Issue 02, PP. 01-09, February 2023

Published online Workers Ergonomics Measures Enhancement Through Surface Electromyography (EMG)

ePub PDF

Abstract

Poor ergonomics directly affect the performance of workers and its major cause is muscle fatigue. Conventional methods of fatigue assessment are unrealistic and based on the perception of an individual. Fatigue monitoring systems currently available are highly sophisticated and cumbersome to implement. There is a need for a smart real-time fatigue monitoring system. This study aims to propose an EMG-based fatigue monitoring system by targeting the bicep muscle of workers through real-time fatigue monitoring. EMG signal classifier is developed for data acquisition, manipulation, and analysis to assess muscle fatigue. In the end, a case study of gym-goers was investigated by implementing the developed system to differentiate between fatigued and non-fatigued muscles. The participants involved with poor ergonomics experienced muscle fatigue earlier than others. The proposed system can be utilized to design work-rest schedules, prevent musculoskeletal disorders, and increase the performance of employees.

Author

Usman Karim Awan, Salman Hussain

Cite

Usman Karim Awan and Salman Hussain �Workers Ergonomics Measures Enhancement Through Surface Electro, International Journal of Engineering Works, Vol. 10, Issue 01, PP. 01-09, February 2023. https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.23.10020109., , ,

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