Analyzing the Efficiency of CZTSSe Solar Cell With Three Different ETMs

Liaqat Khan; Daud  Adnan

Analyzing the Efficiency of CZTSSe Solar Cell With Three Different ETMs

Liaqat Khan, Adnan Daud

Vol. 11, Issue 09, PP. 153-159, September 2024

Keywords: CZTSSe, TiO2, a ZnS, ZnSe, SCAPS-1D, Electron Transport Mechanisms

Download PDF

Fossil fuels supply about 85% of global energy but are nonrenewable and harmful to health and the environment. Solar cells (SC) convert solar power to electricity, and due to their ubiquity, low cost, ecological benefits, and rapid production, they have seen significant growth in research. Solar cells are categorized into four groups, each with unique components and benefits. First-generation silicon panels dominated for over 30 years but are declining due to high production costs and energy waste. CZTSSe is a promising third-generation material, offering abundance, low cost, non-toxicity, and efficiency compared to cadmium telluride (CdTe). With a high absorption coefficient and ideal semiconductor structure, CZTSSe shows potential as a novel photovoltaic material, achieving efficiencies up to 12.6%. The SCAPS 1-D modeling tool helps researchers optimize solar cell efficiency by simulating various structures. The study reveals that different ETMs significantly impact CZTSSe solar cell performance, with PCEs of 7.65% and 6.79% using n-CdS and n-ZnSe, respectively. In contrast, using n-TiO2 reduced PCE to 4.37%.

Liaqat Khan, liaqatkhan.uspcase@uetpeshawar.edu.pk, Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Daud Adnan, adnan.daud@uetpeshawar.edu.pk, Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan.

Liaqat Khan Adnan Duad “Analyzing the Efficiency of CZTSSe Solar Cell With Three Different ETMs” Internat Vol. 11 Issue 09 PP. 153-159 September 2024. https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.24.1109153159.

[1] G. Altamura, “Development of CZTSSe thin films based solar cells’’,” p. 150.

[2] Jamil, I.; Lucheng, H.; Iqbal, S.; Aurangzaib, M.; Jamil, R.; Kotb, H.; Alkuhayli, A.; AboRas, K.M. Predictive Evaluation of Solar Energy Variables for a Large-Scale Solar Power Plant Based on Triple Deep Learning Forecast Models. Alex. Eng. J. 2023, 76, 51–73.

[3] I. D. Olekseyuk, I. V. Dudchak, and L. V. Piskach, “Phase equilibria in the Cu2S–ZnS–SnS2 system,” J. Alloys Compd., vol. 368, no. 1, pp. 135–143, 2004, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2003.08.084.

[4] S. Ikeda, “Copper-based kesterite thin films for photoelectrochemical water splitting,” High Temp. Mater. Process., vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 446–460, Dec. 2021, doi: 10.1515/htmp-2021-0050.

[5] R. Triboulet and P. Siffert, Eds., “Chapter I - Crystal Growth and Surfaces,” in CdTe and Related Compounds; Physics, Defects, Hetero- and Nano-structures, Crystal Growth, Surfaces and Applications, in European Materials Research Society Series. , Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2010, pp. 1–144. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-096513-0.00001-7.

[6] H. Katagiri, N. Sasaguchi, S. Hando, S. Hoshino, J. Ohashi, and T. Yokota, “Preparation and evaluation of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films by sulfurization of EB evaporated precursors,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, vol. 49, no. 1–4, pp. 407–414, Dec. 1997, doi: 10.1016/S0927-0248(97)00119-0.

[7] H. Katagiri et al., “Development of CZTS-based thin film solar cells,” Thin Solid Films, vol. 517, no. 7, pp. 2455–2460, Feb. 2009, doi: 10.1016/j.tsf.2008.11.002.

[8] A. Weber et al., “Texture inheritance in thin-film growth of Cu2ZnSnS4,” Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 95, no. 4, p. 041904, Jul. 2009, doi: 10.1063/1.3192357.

[9] X. Song, X. Ji, M. Li, W. Lin, X. Luo, and H. Zhang, “A Review on Development Prospect of CZTS Based Thin Film Solar Cells,” Int. J. Photoenergy, vol. 2014, p. 613173, May 2014, doi: 10.1155/2014/613173.

[10] T. Yamaguchi, K. Tsujita, S. Niiyama, and T. Imanishi, “Preparation of High Ga Content Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Films by Sequential Evaporation Process Added In2S3,” Adv. Mater. Phys. Chem., vol. 02, no. 04, pp. 106–109, 2012, doi: 10.4236/ampc.2012.24B029.

[11] X.-H. Tan, Y. Chen, and Y.-X. Liu, “Silver nanowire composite thin films as transparent electrodes for Cu(In,Ga)Se2/ZnS thin film solar cells,” Appl Opt, vol. 53, no. 15, pp. 3273–3277, May 2014, doi: 10.1364/AO.53.003273.

[12] G. Altamura, “Development of CZTSSe thin films based solar cells’’”.

[13] J.-S. Kim, J.-K. Kang, and D.-K. Hwang, “High efficiency bifacial Cu 2 ZnSnSe 4 thin-film solar cells on transparent conducting oxide glass substrates,” APL Mater., vol. 4, no. 9, p. 096101, Sep. 2016, doi: 10.1063/1.4962145.

[14] G. Turgut and E. Sonmez, “A Study of Pb-Doping Effect on Structural, Optical, and Morphological Properties of ZnO Thin Films Deposited by Sol–Gel Spin Coating,” Metall. Mater. Trans. A, vol. 45, Jul. 2014, doi: 10.1007/s11661-014-2281-6