The environmental impact of using conventional thermal energy sources for generating electricity and fossil fuel’s depletion fear are two major factor pushing world towards alternative energy resources. Pakistan is blessed with high potential of solar energy but hight initial cost and unpredictable nature of solar energy makes it uneconomical. Because of the shortfall and due to the bad geographical location, most of the rural areas in Pakistan have no access to central grid.Although some of the remote community is served by the local fuel generator for just a couple of hour at night, but increasing rate of fuel is issue which makes this system non-economical and also have harmful effect on the surrounding to emit carbon dioxide and carbon mono oxide gases. To decrease dependency on hydrocarbon base generator and cope the unpredictable nature of Photovoltaic (PV) system, an off grid hybrid solar-gas generator with battery storage is presented in this research work for the electrification of rural areas of Pakistan. Purpose of this research work is to model optimize and stable system with minimum net present cost and low cost of electricity using HOMER software.
Shifaat Ur Rehman Tanvir Ahmad Rizwan Kamal Muhammad Ilyas Optimization of off Grid Solar-Gas Generator Hybrid Power System for Rural Area of District Karak International Journal of Engineering Works Vol. 6 Issue 03 PP. 106-112 March 2019
[1] International Energy Agency, ‘sWEO – Energy Access Database’, 2016
[2] https:en.wikipedia.org/wiki/electricity_sector_in_pakistan
[3] Current status of research on optimum sizing of stand-alone hybrid solar-wind power generation systems by Wei Zhou, chengzhi Lou, zhongshi li, lin lu, hongxing yang (applied energy 87(2011) 380-389)
[4] “Chaos in power: Pakistan’s electricity crisis” Development Research Group, The World Bank I.N. Kessides / Energy Policy 55 (2013) 271–285
[5] R. Szweda. “Renewable energy applications in the Indian subcontinent,” photovoltaics bulletin, vol. 2003, pp. 7-9 2003
[6] Prospects for harnessing renewable energy sources in Pakistan by S.M Hasnain and B.M Grabs
[7] A. Bhomik, et al., “Renewable energy for sustainable development in India: Review on status, potential and policies,” 2012
[8] I. Dinecr, “Renewable and sustainable development: a crucial review,” Renewable and sustainable review, vol 9, pp.157-175, 2000
[9] [9] Yang HX, Zhou E, Lu, L, Fang ZH. Optimal sizing for standalone hybrid solar-wind system with LPS technology by using genetic algorithm, Sola energy 2008; 82(4):354-67
[10] http://www.fallingrain.com/world/PK/03/Karak.html
[11] 1998 District Census report of Karak Census publication. 97. Islamabad: Population Census Organization, Statistics Division, Government of Pakistan. 2000.
[12] "Pakistan Bureau of Statistics Census 2017" (PDF). www.pbscensus.gov.pk. Retrieved 26 September2017.
[13] "Vast reserves of oil, gas in Karak". DAWN.COM. 20 December 2009. Retrieved 27 September 2017
[14] http://www.pbs.gov.pk/content/district-glance-karak
[15] “Photovoltaic Application in Rural Area of the Developing World” by Gerald Foley