Ahmad Jamal
, Amjad Ullah Khattak
Micro Hydro-power Plants (MHPs) play a key role in electrification and economic development of remote rural areas where the government grid system power supply is limited. A field study was conducted to evaluate the performance of crossflow turbines in District Shangla, Pakistan during 2019. The relevant data was collected to find the actual and potential power produced, transmission losses, number of households served and installed capacity of MHPs for detailed analyses. A relatively higher power was generated by MHPs with flow discharges ranged from 0.600 to 0.800 m3/s and head of about 10.00 m. The power produced at generation points varied from 8.496 to 48.574 KW with overall average of 25.782±11.971 KW. About two-third of the MHPs performance in term of average overall efficiency (67.56±11.63%) was found higher as compared to the overall efficiency (37.80±8.79%) of the remaining one-third of MHPs where the installation was not according to the site requirements. The number of Households per MHP ranged from 15 to 250 with overall average of 88±55 and energy demand of 1420±474 watts per household. The total transmission line loss in MHPs studied varied from 0.08 to 1.84 per km with overall average of 0.71±0.58 KW per km. With proper design and installation of MHPs more energy can be generated to minimize the gap between demand and supply in the rural areas.
Ahmad Jamal and Amjad Ullah Khattak “Performance Evaluation of Micro Hydro Power Plant using Cross International Journal of Engineering Works Vol. 8 Issue 01 PP. 41-46 January 2021 https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.21.8014146.
[1] Chattha, Javed A., Mohammad S. Khan, and Anwar ul-Haque. "Micro-hydro power systems: Current status and future research in Pakistan." ASME Power Conference. Vol. 43505. 2009.
[2] Chattha, Javed A., et al. "Design of a cross flow turbine for a micro-hydro power application." ASME 2010 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers Digital Collection, 2010.
[3] Farooqui, Suhail Zaki. "Prospects of renewables penetration in the energy mix of Pakistan." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 29 (2014): 693-700
[4] Singal, S. K. "Selection of best Operating Site of SHP plant based on performance." Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 189 (2015): 110-116.
[5] Sinagra, Marco, et al. "Cross-Flow turbine design for variable operating conditions." Procedia Engineering 70 (2014): 1539-1548.
[6] Nasir, Bilal Abdullah. "Design of high efficiency cross-flow turbine for hydro-power plant." Int. J. Eng. Adv. Technol 23 (2013): 2249-8958.
[7] Yassi, Yousef. "Improvement of the efficiency of the Agnew micro hydro turbine at part loads due to installing guide vanes mechanism." Energy Conversion and Management 51.10 (2010): 1970-1975.
[8] Adhau, S. P. "A comparative study of micro hydro power schemes promoting self-sustained rural areas." 2009 International Conference on Sustainable Power Generation and Supply. IEEE, 2009.
[9] Okot, David Kilama. "Review of small hydropower technology." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 26 (2013): 515-520.
[10] Trebolle Trebolle, David, and Tomás Gómez San Román. "Reliability options in distribution planning using distributed generation." (2010).
[11] Eto, Joseph, et al. Scoping study on trends in the economic value of electricity reliability to the US economy. No. LBNL-47911. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., CA (US), 2001.
[12] Pepermans, Guido, et al. "Distributed generation: definition, benefits and issues." Energy policy 33.6 (2005): 787-798.
[13] Mathur, H. D. "Enhancement of power system quality using distributed generation." 2010 IEEE International Conference on Power and Energy. IEEE, 2010.
[14] Nagliero, A., et al. "Management of grid-inverter outages and power quality disturbances in distributed power generation systems." IECON 2010-36th Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. IEEE, 2010.
[15] Singh, Alka, and Bhim Singh. "Power quality issues related to distributed energy source integration to utility grids." 2010 Annual IEEE India Conference (INDICON). IEEE, 2010.
[16] Bojoi, Radu Iustin, et al. "Enhanced power quality control strategy for single-phase inverters in distributed generation systems." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 26.3 (2011): 798-806.
[17] Guerrero, Josep M., et al. "Distributed generation: Toward a new energy paradigm." IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine 4.1 (2010): 52-64.
[18] Marei, Mostafa I., et al. "Hilbert transform based control algorithm of the DG interface for voltage flicker mitigation." IEEE transactions on power delivery 20.2 (2005): 1129-1133.
[19] Woyte, Achim, et al. "Voltage fluctuations on distribution level introduced by photovoltaic systems." IEEE Transactions on energy conversion 21.1 (2006): 202-209.
[20] Uddin, Waqar, et al. "Current and future prospects of small hydro power in Pakistan: A survey." Energy Strategy Reviews 24 (2019): 166-177.
[21] Kaldellis, J. K., D. S. Vlachou, and G. Korbakis. "Techno-economic evaluation of small hydro power plants in Greece: a complete sensitivity analysis." Energy Policy 33.15 (2005): 1969-1985.
[22] Razak, J. A., et al. "Application of crossflow turbine in off-grid Pico hydro renewable energy system." Proceeding of the American-Math 10 (2010): 519-526
